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Automatic Text Summarization Based on Selective OOV Copy Mechanism with BERT Embedding
http://doi.org/10.5626/JOK.2020.47.1.36
Automatic text summarization is a process of shortening a text document via extraction or abstraction. Abstractive text summarization involves using pre-generated word embedding information. Low-frequency but salient words such as terminologies are seldom included in dictionaries, that are so called, out-of-vocabulary (OOV) problems. OOV deteriorates the performance of the encoder-decoder model in the neural network. To address OOV words in abstractive text summarization, we propose a copy mechanism to facilitate copying new words in the target document and generating summary sentences. Different from previous studies, the proposed approach combines accurately pointing information, selective copy mechanism, embedded by BERT, randomly masking OOV, and converting sentences from morpheme. Additionally, the neural network gate model to estimate the generation probability and the loss function to optimize the entire abstraction model was applied. Experimental results demonstrate that ROUGE-1 (based on word recall) and ROUGE-L (longest used common subsequence) of the proposed encoding-decoding model have been improved at 54.97 and 39.23, respectively.
Finger-Touch based Hangul Input Interface for Usability Enhancement among Visually Impaired Individuals
Seung-Shik Kang, Yoon-Seung Choi
Virtual Hangul keyboards like Chun-Ji-In, Narat-Gul, and QWERTY are based on eyesight recognition, in which input letter positions are fixed in the smartphone environment. The input method of a fixed-position style is not very convenient for visually impaired individuals. In order to resolve the issue of inconvenience of the Hangul input system, we propose a new paradigm of the finger-touch based Hangul input system that does not need eyesight recognition of input buttons. For the convenience of learning the touch-motion based keyboard, finger touches are designed by considering the shape and frequencies of Hangul vowels and consonants together with the preference of fingers. The base position is decided by the first touch of the screen, and the finger-touch keyboard is used in the same way for all the other touch-style devices, regardless of the differences in size and operation system. In this input method, unique finger-touch motions are assigned for Hangul letters that significantly reduce the input errors.
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