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Design of Durable Node Replication for Persistent Memory Data Structures on NUMA Architectures
http://doi.org/10.5626/JOK.2022.49.1.8
Recently, advances in persistent memory and NUMA technologies have allowed for the provision of high performance and large storage space to the applications such as big data and machine learning. Such PM environments on multi-node systems require a change in the data structures, which are being used in each layer of the software stack. In terms of the research on PM data structures, however, it is a difficult problem to ensure high level of concurrency as well as non-volatility which is an important characteristics of NUMA and PM, respectively. In this paper, we propose an NRPM that extends the node replication, which is a representative of NUMA algorithms. NRPM outperforms hash algorithm by up to 5x by improving concurrency in the multi-node PM server using shared-log and flat combining methods. We confirmed the validity of NRPM through various performance analyses considering the characteristics of NUMA-PM.
LFA-SkipList: Optimizing SkipList by Reducing Access in a NUMA-Aware System
Sunghwan Ahn, Yujin Jang, Seungjun Ha, Beomseok Nam
http://doi.org/10.5626/JOK.2021.48.1.1
Intel"s Optane DC Persistent Memory is a non-volatile memory that works faster than storage devices and stores data persistently. However, in the NUMA system, it takes a longer latency to access the remote memory of another CPU socket than for local NUMA access. Therefore, performance is degraded when configuring the SkipList in multiple non-volatile memories. In this paper, an LFA-SkipList was proposed to solve this problem. The LFA-SkipList has a newly added local pointer and uses it to access the local node first and then the remote node, thereby reducing unnecessary remote node access and improving performance. The study found the LFA-SkipList demonstrated a much shorter search time than that of the legacy SkipList.
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